All about crop circles
In England’s varied crops in the 1970s, eerie circles started to develop. They grabbed the public’s attention right away. A wide spectrum of people were interested in researching and explaining this phenomenon as these rings continued to develop year after year, get more sophisticated, and spread to ever more regions. They include academic researchers from many fields as well as New Age and UFO enthusiasts.
Various theories have been put forth in an effort to solve the mystery behind the crop circles. In the 1980s, Dr. Terrence Meaden made an effort to explain crop circle spiral patterns as the product of atmospheric phenomena, such as the vortex of a dust devil or tornado. Dr. Meaden would have believed otherwise if he had ever witnessed a dust devil or a tornado.
The evening news in Phoenix, Arizona frequently features images of dust devils whirling across the desert floor. Since they are not travelling straight ahead, I purposely used the word “dancing.” Dust devils are areas of circular motion that occur in the general direction of the wind. The dust devil is affected by gusts of wind, which cause it to move back and forth and change shape. A dust devil does not create circles that are precisely rounded or lay objects level on the ground. Sand is picked up by it, and it turns into the dust devil’s body.
Crop Circle Theories
Particle Vortex
A variety of studies on this phenomenon have been done, and over the years, many observations have been made as well. These findings finally seem to show that there are specific qualities that “real” (or non-man-made) formations seem to exhibit.
The biophysicist Dr. Levengood, Nancy Talbott, and John Burks—the BLT Research Team—along with a tiny army of volunteers from throughout the world—conducted research over a ten-year period using samples and extensive laboratory testing. In contrast to the control samples, which were taken from outside the circles, their findings come from samples taken inside the crop forms.
Levengood holds multiple patents on his innovations to boost seed growth and vigour. He studied biophysics at the University of Michigan in the late 1960s. For more than ten years, he has researched biochemical and biophysical alterations in crop development seeds and plants.
He has discovered that, at the macroscopic level, the plants from more than 95% of the examined occurrences showed either a single, or several, abnormal and plainly evident structural modifications. These mostly included considerable cell wall enlargements, ejection voids in plant stalk nodes, noticeably longer node lengths, and changes in soil composition (ie. vastly higher level of magnetite concentration) There were also noticeable modifications in seed germination and development. Affected plants also exhibit traits that point to the presence of momentary high temperatures. None of these blatantly unusual plant changes have even been discussed, much less explained, by the croppies theory’s proponents, and they cannot be explained by the purported techniques used to build crop forms, as claimed by the circle creators.
Levengood hypothesises that a sophisticated energy system, which he refers to as a “spinning plasma vortex” of ions with microwave frequencies, is what is causing the crop circles. This system causes plants’ water to heat up quickly, which causes them to collapse to the ground with stems that are not cracked or broken. Furthermore, the microwave frequencies can heat the water in a plant’s growth nodes, causing it to erupt and leave behind tiny holes that are frequently discovered in unusual crop patterns. The seeds may also be impacted by such intricate energies.
The plants that are affected have elements that point to the participation of ionisation, electric fields, transiently high temperatures, and an oxidising atmosphere along with rapid air movement. An ion plasma vortex, of which a very high energy example is a lightning discharge, is a naturally occurring and organised force that incorporates each of these characteristics.
Areas where there are definite signs of energy exchange between electrical storms in the high atmosphere and the ionosphere (60-100 km) may be where atmospheric-associated plasma forms plausibly begin (Franz et al. 1990). Ion plasma vortices, which occur in unstable zones and function as heat and angular momentum transporters, are currently being taken into account. Gases, including air, are regarded as having liquid qualities in fluid dynamics (Prandtl and Tietjens 1957). According to this plan, when a vortex descends through a liquid, unstable secondary products are created.
These unstable secondary products then form intricate, symmetrical designs like circles, rings, triangles, double lines, and ovals with tubes or “paths” radiating from them (Levenoood 1958). Variations in the Earth’s magnetic field would control how these vortex instability patterns were shaped as it descended to the crop surface (Rossi and Jastrow 1961). The heat, ionisation, accompanying electric fields, and angular momentum would be delivered to the living plants at the crop surface. Ionized air plasmas are electrically neutral when viewed as a whole, despite the fact that charge separation occurs inside of them and they can have high concentrations of positive ions and free electrons (Lehnert 1961). When these ions come into contact with plant tissue, they may cause brief heating and may be responsible for some of the changes in the plant.
The chooks
Two retired English landscape painters, Doug Bower and Dave Chorley, claimed in 1991 that they were to blame for all crop circles that had appeared in England since 1978. The crop circles had originally been created as a joke to lead people to believe that UFOs were touching down.
With a 1.2-meter board linked to a rope they hung over their necks, they displayed their technique for the cameras. To calculate the radius, one person held one end of a string in the centre, while the other person held the other end and used a board to trample the plants. The answer to the crop circle enigma was announced in publications and on television stations all across the world.
The “retirement” of Doug and Dave in 1991 marked the beginning of a new generation of hoaxers. The Circlemakers are the only group to announce itself publicly. They haven’t claimed ownership of any specific formation outside of a few commercial exhibitions (Mitsubishi, Weetabix) and television shows (History Channel, etc.), claiming that doing so would undermine the mystique and appreciation surrounding their so-called “land art.” They have faced several requests to duplicate any of the intricate formations in front of witnesses, but they have yet to do so.
The Circlemakers’ leader, John Lundberg, views their work as an art. According to Lundberg, the United Kingdom is home to three or four devoted crop circle art organisations as well as a large number of smaller organisations that produce one or two circles annually more or less for fun.
The emerging art seems to be driven by two factors.
Crop artists felt driven to create even more intricate designs, some with straight lines to show that the circles were not a natural phenomenon, to refute a commonly held idea that the circles were the consequence of wind vortices, which are effectively mini-whirlwinds, said Lundberg.
The second motivation is present in all genres of art: The work of different artists influences one another, and designs change in response to earlier work.
Although the optimal time to create a circle is around mid to late June, the crop circle season lasts from roughly April through harvest in September. According to Lundberg, young wheat rises back toward the sun, giving the appearance of a brushed rather than flattened circle.
While there is tension between crop artists and cereologists, there is a positive dynamic between artists and farmers. Farmers supply the canvas, while artists attract visitors. The circles are a popular tourist destination, resulting in daily helicopter excursions, bus trips, T-shirts, books, and other souvenirs. People are drawn to the circles because they think they have a special energy. As a sort of spiritual Mecca, they go to the formations to meditate, worship, dance, and communicate with otherworldly beings. When individuals want to enter the circles, farmers frequently charge a nominal fee or offer a contribution box. In 1996, a circle developed close to Stonehenge. The farmer set up a booth and paid admission; in four weeks, he collected 30,000 pounds (about $47,000). Had the crop been harvested, it would have been worth approximately 150 pounds ($235).
How are crop circles made?
A crop circle can be created by anyone using basic materials. The only equipment required is a willing crew with rope, boards, or metal pipes. Here is a typical method for creating crop circles.
- At the middle of the space where the circle will be formed, a stake is driven into the ground.
- A rope is attached to the stake and extended to the circle’s edge.
- A crew member at the end of the rope walks in a circle around the stake to create a perimeter.
- The crop is subsequently flattened by being dragged over with heavy pipes or boards.
- Rings can be created outside the new circle by preserving some of the crop.
The theory of the electromagnetic field
Dr. Colin Andrews, a crop circle expert with 17 years of experience, estimates that 20% of crop circles are the result of eddy currents in the earth’s magnetic field. These currents are produced when a mystery shift in the electro-magnetic field flattens nearby crops.
That may account for the many instances of electronic devices malfunctioning in crop circles and compasses whirling erratically inside and above the crop circles (even when flying over in aircraft).
The Theory of UFOs
Similar to purported UFO landing site tales, crop circles occur when a circular swirling pattern forms in grass, the grass is uninjured, and the area is inaccessible to cars.
Crop circles are presented by channelers and ufologists as symbols rather than a “message to man,” yet this is a lie. These intentionally constructed pictographs are signposts or reference points made by extraterrestrials who are tracking the progression of event trajectories while travelling back and forth through space and time (in and out). The pictographs are purposefully incorporated into a transient, perishable media to avoid drawing attention to particular areas and are primarily used as reference markings and for “event line” orientation.
There are two main ways by which the circles are produced:
macroscale: overpressure, heat, and exterior area effects
Microscale: Cellular damage, pressure changes, and internal impacts on plant stems.
As gases leak from the plant stem, ultrasonic waves are generated. The plant leans over as a result of the simultaneous decrease in turgor pressure inside the stem. As this effect is generated in large quantities, there is a soft “swish swish” sound.
Some craft come to a stop near the circles to conduct what might be communications checks. Occasionally, craft will halt briefly and conduct exploratory probing or testing close to the circles.
It should be noted that circles traditionally gave rise to a variety of superstitious beliefs. For example, the circles gave rise to the notion of the green rings worn by the “elves.” Attempts to imitate the “marks of the Gods” in order to call for a visitation or reaction gave rise to the Nazca lines and, most notably, the Navajo sand drawings.
The hypothesis of the wind
Whirlwinds generated by heat thermals are attributed as the actual source of the crop circle anomaly by the official government explanation. Whirlwinds or Mini-tornadoes, however, are not stationary; they move, making the creation of such detailed and symmetrical patterns highly improbable.
Natural Music
Hawkins noticed that the geometric correlations between the areas of the various circles, triangles, and other forms were expressed in the circular patterns as well. These patterns showed “precise numerical correlations” (i.e., diatonic ratios), which are comparable to those in a musical scale. For instance, the ratio is 9/8 if one circle in a formation is 90 degrees and another is 80 degrees, which is the same ratio as the notes C and D, with C being the eighth note and D the ninth in the diatonic scale. The proportions used in playing the white notes on a piano or in popular music are the same.
These ratios are not the result of chance, claims paranormal investigator and amateur musician Stephen J. Smith “since a diatonic ratio requires extremely accurate calculations. Because music is based on exact ratios, it sounds like music rather than noise.”
Smith utilised a computer application that generates fractal music to create music from the crop circles. He used a camera to take pictures of the formations, which the computer “read” and used to create music using the scales of the crop circles.
Curiously, not every crop circle has a formation that uses diatonic rations. Consequently, some lack musical abilities. According to Smith, it’s possible that the genuine circles have diatonic ratios whereas the imitations don’t. Furthermore, the diatonic ratios might only make up a small portion of the formations’ total geometry.